In this article, we will list and explain various math terms that start with the letter “B” so you can enhance your mathematical vocabulary.
- Bar chart- A graph that uses bars to represent data.
- Base- The number that is raised to a power in an expression.
- Bimodal- A distribution with two different modes.
- Bivariate- Involving two variables.
- Binomial- An algebraic expression with two terms.
- Bisect- To divide into two equal parts.
- Boundary- A line or plane indicating the limit or extent of something.
- Box plot- A graphical summary of data showing median, quartiles, and extremes.
- Bracket- Symbols used in pairs to group things together.
- Bias- A systematic error or deviation in results or data.
- Base ten- The decimal numeral system.
- Basis- A set of vectors in linearly independent space.
- Bounding box- The smallest box that can contain a geometric figure.
- Back substitution- A method used to solve a system of linear equations.
- Bilateral- Pertaining to two sides.
- Borrowing- Taking a value from the next higher place value in subtraction.
- Benchmark- A standard or point of reference in measurement.
- Break- even** – The point at which costs and revenues are equal.
- Bin- A range of values in statistics for grouping data.
- Boolean- A type of algebra dealing with true/false values.
- Bias- variance tradeoff** – The tradeoff between error due to bias and variance.
- Bayesian- A statistical method based on Bayes’ theorem.
- Ball- A 3-dimensional space enclosed within a sphere.
- Brachistochrone- The curve of fastest descent between two points.
- Biweekly- Occurring every two weeks.
- Butterfly effect- Small changes in initial conditions leading to vastly different outcomes.
- Bose- Einstein statistics** – Statistics for particles with identical properties.
- Bounded- Confined within limits.
- Boolean variable- A variable that can have true or false values.
- Base angle- The angle formed by the base of a geometric figure.
- Bodmas- An acronym for order of operations: Brackets, Order, Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction.
- Bracket notation- A way to denote intervals or matrices.
- Bernoulli number- A sequence of rational numbers important in number theory.
- Bollinger bands- A method for technical analysis in stock trading.
- Binary operation- An operation involving two operands.
- Balance point- Median or middle of a data distribution.
- Bond- A financial instrument representing a loan.
- Breakeven analysis- Determining the point where revenue equals cost.
- Bravais lattice- An infinite array of discrete points in 3-dimensional space.
- Bracket polynomial- A type of polynomial used in knot theory.
- Backward induction- A method used in game theory to solve sequential games.
- Beale’s condition- A situation in linear programming involving degeneracy.
- Basis point- One-hundredth of a percentage point.
- Beltrami equation- An equation in the theory of quasiconformal maps.
- Bell curve- A normal distribution shaped like a bell.
- Bubble sort- A simple sorting algorithm.
- Budget- An estimate of income and expenditure.
- Break- A point where the graph of a function changes smoothly.
- Boundary value- A condition for differential equations specifying values at boundaries.
- Bar- A unit of pressure.
- Bhaskara’s formula- An approximation for finding the square root.
- Bisection method- A numerical method for solving equations.
- Bayesian inference- A method of statistical inference.
- Big O notation- Describes the limiting behavior of a function.
- Biased estimator- An estimator that systematically deviates from the true value.
- Box and whisker plot- A chart in statistics that displays distribution.
- Bézier curve- A parametric curve frequently used in computer graphics.
- Brownian motion- The random movement of particles suspended in a fluid.
- Biorthogonal- Pertaining to a system of vector spaces.
- Brocard’s problem- The problem of finding integers n for which n!-k²=1.
- Bine- Combinations and permutations, often related to binomial theorems.
- Ballot theorem- A combinatorial theorem.
- Balanced number- A number balanced in some mathematical context.
- Borwein integral- A class of integrals studied by Borweins.
- Bregman divergence- A measure of distance between points.
- Bernoulli trial- A random experiment with exactly two possible outcomes.
- Bernoulli process- A sequence of independent and identically distributed Bernoulli trials.
- Bressoud’s identity- A specific identity related to partition functions.
- Body- centered cubic** – A type of crystal lattice.
- Boustrophedon- An arrangement or method that resembles the path of oxen plowing.
- Bra- ket notation** – A notation system for quantum states.
- Brick divisor- A special divisor used in some mathematical contexts.
- Branch cut- A curve in the complex plane where a multi-valued function is discontinuous.
- Brillouin zone- A primitive cell in the reciprocal lattice of a crystal.
- Boolean ring- A ring where each element is idempotent.
- Bootstrap method- A method for estimating the distribution of a statistic.
- Bottleneck- The part of a process that limits overall capacity.
- Blocking- Grouping experimental units that are similar in some way.
- Bid process- Involves tendering and contracts, often in economics.
- Baricentric coordinates- A coordinate system for points within a simplex.
- Betweenness- Relating to points between others in a set.
- Bellman equation- Fundamental in dynamic programming.
- Buckingham π theorem- A key theorem in dimensional analysis.
- Bremermann’s limit- The maximum rate of data processing in a physical system.
- Bi- convex function** – Convex in each variable when others are fixed.
- Birkhoff’s theorem- Related to general relativity.
- Balanced matrix- A concept in optimization and matrix theory.
- Boole’s inequality- A fundamental inequality in probability theory.
- Blasius equation- Found in fluid dynamics.
- Baker’s map- A type of chaotic map.
- Boole’s expansion- Related to Boolean functions.
- Birnbaum- Saunders distribution** – A probability distribution.
- Block design- A set of experimental designs in statistics.
- Bulirsch–Stoer algorithm- An algorithm for numerical integration.
- Barnes- Hut simulation** – An algorithm for performing n-body simulations.
- Bronshtein and Semendyayev- A reference book of mathematical formulas.
- Bismarckian economics- Pertains to some economic policies.
- Buffon’s needle- A probability method using random needle drops.
- Binet’s formula- An explicit formula for Fibonacci numbers.
- Bravais lattice- A geometric arrangement of points in space.