Looking for math words that start with ‘i’? This article lists all the key terms you’ll need to know.
- Identity- An element that, when combined with another element in an operation, leaves the other element unchanged.
- Integer- A whole number that can be positive, negative, or zero.
- Integration- The process of finding the integral of a function.
- Inequality- A mathematical statement that shows the relationship between quantities that are not equal.
- Imaginary number- A complex number in which the imaginary part is not zero.
- Induction- A method of mathematical proof typically used to establish a given statement for all natural numbers.
- Isosceles- A type of triangle with at least two equal sides.
- Irrational number- A number that cannot be expressed as a ratio of two integers.
- Iteration- The process of repeating a set of operations until a specific condition is met.
- Incircle- The largest circle that fits inside a polygon, touching all its sides.
- Inflection- A point on a curve at which the curvature changes sign.
- Intercept- The point where a line crosses an axis on a graph.
- Interval- A range of values between two specified limits.
- Inradius- The radius of an incircle.
- Isometric- Equal in measurements or dimensions.
- Identity matrix- A square matrix with ones on the diagonal and zeros elsewhere.
- Inverse function- A function that reverses the effect of the original function.
- Interpolation- The process of estimating unknown values that fall between known values.
- Incidence- The relationship between two figures when they share a common point.
- Intersection- The set of points common to two or more geometric configurations.
- Infimum- The greatest element that is less than or equal to each element of a subset in order theory.
- Index- A number or letter that indicates the position of an item in a sequence or set.
- Isometry- A transformation that preserves distances between points.
- Improper fraction- A fraction in which the numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator.
- Icosagon- A polygon with twenty sides.
- Invariance- Property of remaining unchanged under transformations.
- Implicit function- A function defined implicitly by an equation.
- Ideal- A special subset of a ring in algebra.
- Involution- A function that is its own inverse.
- Initial value- The starting value of a function or sequence.
- Inhomogeneous- A term describing differential equations where terms are not equal to zero.
- Incidence matrix- A matrix that shows the relationship between vertices and edges of a graph.
- Injective- A function that maps distinct elements to distinct elements.
- Invariants- Quantities that remain constant under transformations.
- Incenter- The center of an incircle.
- Infinite series- A sum of infinitely many terms.
- Integral domain- A type of ring with no zero divisors.
- Increase- To become greater in size, amount, or degree.
- Interior angle- An angle inside a polygon.
- Intersecting lines- Lines that cross at one point.
- Inversely proportional- A relationship where one quantity decreases as another increases.
- Intermediate value- Any value between two given values.
- Isohedron- A polyhedron with all faces the same shape and size.
- Isomorphism- A mapping that shows a one-to-one correspondence between sets that preserves structures.
- Independent variable- A variable whose variation does not depend on another.
- Integers modulo n- The set of integers 0 through n-1 under addition modulo n.
- Indeterminate form- An expression in calculus that does not define a value.
- Iterative method- A method that produces a sequence of approximations to the solution.
- Index notation- A representation of complex algebraic expressions using subscripts.
- Interval notation- A representation of sets of numbers as intervals.
- Infinitesimal- An infinitely small quantity.
- Implicit differentiation- A technique to find derivatives when a function is not given explicitly.
- Idempotent- An element that, when operated on by a certain function, yields itself.
- Initial condition- A value or set of values used to solve a differential equation.
- Intersection point- The point where two lines or curves meet.
- Irrational equation- An equation involving irrational numbers.
- Iterated integral- A multiple integral where one integration is performed after another.
- Independent events- Events whose outcomes do not affect each other.
- Inverse matrix- A matrix that, when multiplied with the original matrix, yields the identity matrix.
- Involution algebra- Algebra involving involution operations.
- Isotropic- Uniform in all directions.
- Infimum norm- The greatest lower bound of a function.
- Inner product- A generalization of the dot product to abstract vector spaces.
- Interval graph- A graph where intervals of the real line are vertices and edges represent overlapping intervals.
- Initial side- The starting position of a ray in an angle.
- Induced subgraph- A subset of a graph formed by deleting some vertices and edges.
- Irreducible fraction- A fraction in simplest form.
- Infinity- A concept describing something without bound or end.
- Inductive reasoning- A method of reasoning in which a generalization is made based on observed patterns.
- Isosurface- A three-dimensional surface representing points of a constant value within a volume of space.
- Invariant theory- A study of algebraic forms that remain constant under transformations.
- Immediate successor- The next element in a well-ordered set.
- Integral calculus- A branch of calculus focused on the concept of the integral and its applications.
- Injectivity- A property of functions where each input is mapped to a unique output.
- Isogonal- Referring to angles that are equal.
- Isotone- A function or relation that preserves order.
- Infix notation- Normal arithmetic notation where the operator is placed between operands.
- Invertible- Capable of being inverted or having an inverse function.
- Infimum element- The least upper bound in order theory.
- Irreducible polynomial- A polynomial that cannot be factored into lower-degree polynomials.